An ecological comparison of small community-based houses and traditional institutions--II. Physical setting and the use of opportunities |
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| Authors: | D Felce M Thomas U de Kock H Saxby |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Cagliari, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, Cagliari, Italy;2. University of Bari, Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, Bari, Italy;3. University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Department of Psychology, Caserta, Italy;4. University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Psychology, Milan, Italy;5. University of Bologna, Department of Psychology, Bologna, Italy;6. University of Padua, Department of General Psychology, Padua, Italy;1. UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;2. Center for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet (CFE), TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;3. InBIO-Rede de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, CIBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairao, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairao, Portugal;4. Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;5. NeuroLandscape Foundation, Suwalska 8/78, 03-252 Warsaw, Poland;6. Centre for Public Administration and Public Policies (CAPP), Institute of Social and Political Sciences (ISCSP), University of Lisboa, 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal;7. Institute of Sociology of the University of Porto (ISUP), Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Porto (FLUP), s / n, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal;8. Center for Transdisciplinary Research «Culture, Space and Memory» (CITCEM), Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Porto (FLUP), Via Panorâmica Edgar Cardoso s/n, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | The effects of transferring severely and profoundly mentally-handicapped adults from institutional to community care and the use made of the physical setting were examined. The material enrichment of two small homes in the community and six institutional settings was assessed and the use made of each type of item in the environment was observationally measured. Two comparisons were made: (a) between an experimental group of six people in a small home and a comparable control group, of which one member lived in each of the six institutions; and (b) between the latter group both when in institutions and following transfer to a small home. The inventories of the physical environment showed an increased level of opportunity in the small homes due to the considerably greater presence of and access to equipment and materials. Residents of the small homes demonstrated a greater range and extent of usage of the physical setting than the institutional group. The type of materials significant in the difference and the implications for the value of institutional adaption are discussed. |
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