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The limits of top-down control of visual attention
Authors:Stefan Van der Stigchel  Artem V. Belopolsky  Jasper G. Wijnen  Jan Theeuwes
Affiliation:a Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
b Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
c Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
d Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, KNAW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
e Amsterdam Center for the Study of Adaptive Control in Brain and Behavior, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Abstract:The extent to which spatial selection is driven by the goals of the observer and by the properties of the environment is one of the major issues in the field of visual attention. Here we review recent experimental evidence from behavioral and eye movement studies suggesting that top-down control has temporal and spatial limits. More specifically, we argue that the first feedforward sweep of information is bottom-up, and that top-down control can influence selection only after the sweep is completed. In addition, top-down control can limit spatial selection through adjusting the size of attentional window, an area of visual space which receives priority in information sampling. Finally, we discuss the evidence found using brain imaging techniques for top-down control in an attempt to reconcile it with behavioral findings. We conclude by discussing theoretical implications of these results for the current models of visual selection.
Keywords:2346 Attention
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