Only children in the 21st century: Personality differences between adults with and without siblings are very,very small |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand;2. Religion Programme, University of Otago, New Zealand;3. Theological and Religious Studies, University of Auckland, New Zealand;1. Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland;2. School of Education, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;1. China Center for Food Security Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, China;2. Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, Wilhelm-Weber-Str. 2, Goettingen, 37073, Germany;1. Center for Education Policy, Southwest University, China;2. School of Education, Macquarie University, Australia;1. School of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand;2. School of Psychology, University of Kent, United Kingdom;3. Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Negative beliefs about only children suggest that they are spoiled and unlikable, with these early personality differences persisting across the lifespan. Early research found little support for the idea, yet, negative views towards only children remain prevalent. The current research re-visited the issue using a large national panel study of New Zealand adults (N = 20,592) to assess mean differences in personality between those with and without siblings. Adults with no siblings reported significantly lower levels of conscientiousness and honesty-humility and higher levels of neuroticism and openness than adults with siblings; however, mean differences failed to reach the threshold of even a small effect size (|d’s| = 0.08–0.11). Beliefs about only children appear to contradict actual group differences. |
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| Keywords: | Personality Big-Six Only children Birth order |
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