学生快速阅读过程的信息加工实质的研究

本研究主要探讨学生快速阅读过程的信息加工活动的实质。根据快速阅读理解测验成绩选出小学六年级优生、中等生、差生各 3 0名 ,共 90名 ,随机分成两个等组。首先对两个组的被试进行阅读预期测验 ,测定他们根据文章的部分信息预期文章基本内容的水平 ;第二步进行阅读找错测验 ,要求实验组快速阅读而对照组以平常速度阅读一篇有若干明显错字的文章 ,然后要求他们在作业卷上标出这些错字。研究结果表明 ,学生的快速阅读水平越高 ,他们对阅读材料的预期成绩也就越高 ;同时 ,被试在快速阅读的情况下发现文章中错字的数量要比正常阅读的情况下要少。据此初步认为 ,学生快速阅读文章的过程 ,是一种更多地利用概念推动 ,较少地需要材料信息的“预期—证实”的信息加工过程。

Research on the Nature of Information Processing of Quick Reading

This research was mainly designed to investigate the nature of information processing of the quick reading process. 30 superior, 30 moderate and 30 inferior students of the sixth grade selected as subjects based on their scores of a quick reading comprehension test. All 90 subjects were randomly assigned to two equivalent groups. Both groups received a reading anticipation test, so as to assess their anticipation ability with partial information. Then, a mistake character finding test was administered. The experimental group was asked to read the text quickly and then find out the mistake characters, while the control group was allowed to read the same text in ordinary speed. The results showed that 1) the quick reading comprehension test score is positively related with the score of reading anticipation test. 2) quick reading subjects found fewer mistaken characters than ordinary speed readers. These results seem to suggest that the quick reading process is dominated by conception-driving rather than data-driving process.