Occupational segregation and psychological gender differences: How empathizing and systemizing help explain the distribution of men and women into (some) occupations |
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| Affiliation: | 1. ACT Inc., 500 ACT Drive, Iowa City, IA 52243-0168, United States;2. Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., DM 208, Miami, FL 33199, United States;3. Gender Identity Development Service, Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, Tavistock Centre, 120 Belsize Lane, London NW3 5BA, United Kingdom;1. Michigan State University;1. School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada;2. Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada;1. Washington University in St. Louis, United States;2. Connolly Consulting, United States;3. Vanderbilt University, United States;1. Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;4. Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;1. University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;2. Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | The proportion of men and women workers varies among occupation types. There are several factors that may contribute to occupational segregation by gender. Using a large U.S. sample (n = 2149), we examine the extent to which occupational segregation can be attributed to gender differences in empathizing and systematizing: Psychological dimensions which theorists argue represent meaningful differences between men and women. Of the eight occupational categories for which employee gender and occupation type were associated at the p < .01 level, four of these – Construction, Professional/Scientific/Technical fields, Management, and Education – were partially mediated by systemizing and/or empathizing scores, which typically accounted for 10–20% of the observed gender differences. For other areas, like Health, gender differences were not mediated by either measure. |
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| Keywords: | Occupational segregation Gender Work Systemizing Empathizing Personality |
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