The psychological reality of linguistically defined gaps |
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Authors: | Brian McElree Thomas G. Bever |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA;(2) Psychology Department, Columbia University, Schermerhorn Hall, Box 28, 10027 New York, New York |
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Abstract: | In five experiments, recognition times for an adjective from a sentence-initial noun phrase were examined following the processing of coreferential gaps in syntactic structure as a means of determining whether linguistically defined gaps access their antecedents. Recognition latencies and/or error rates following the processing of gaps were found to be lower than a nonanaphoric control in a number of constructions, including two instances of constructions with NP-movement gaps—namely, the passive and raising-to-subject—and constructions with a PRO gap in an infinitival clause. Additionally, NP-movement gaps were found to produce lower latencies and error rates than PRO-gaps. The results are interpreted as evidence for the psychological reality of representational assumptions of Government and Binding Theory (Chomsky, 1981). |
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