Habituation and dishabituation of cardiac responses in 4-month-old, alert infants |
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| Authors: | W K Berg |
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| Affiliation: | 1. MED, IET, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284128, India;2. MED, BIET, Jhansi 284128, India;1. Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18–26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;2. Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain;3. College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China;2. Division of Regenerative Medicine MC1528B, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11234 Anderson Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;1. Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of California, San Francisco 505 Parnassus Avenue, Room L352, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, United States;2. UCSF-Benioff Children''s Hospital, 1975 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States;1. Yncréa Hauts-de-France, ISA Lille, 48 bd Vauban 59046 Lille Cedex, France;2. INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Centre Val de Loire UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380 Nouzilly, France;3. INRAE, UE EASM, Le Magneraud, CS 40052, 17700 Surgères, France |
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| Abstract: | Heart rate responses to simple stimuli apparently shift from monophasic acceleration at birth to predominantly decelerative responses by 6 months. If this indicates a shift from defensive to orienting responses (OR), other characteristics of the OR might also be demonstrable in infants. In awake adults, OR characteristics include rapid habituation, dishabituation with stimulus change, and elicitation by stimulus offset. Thirty-two infants, alert throughout experimental sessions, received six trials of controlled rise time, 10-sec tones of moderate intensity. On Trials 7 and 8, frequency or temporal pattern was changed. All stimuli elicited marked decelerations which, in contrast to previously reported results, habituated within the six trials. Change in the stimulus elicited increased response magnitude or duration in all groups. Offset of continuous stimuli appeared to elicit small decelerations. These results indicate that cardiac decelerative responses are associated with other characteristics of orienting even at 4 months of age. |
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