汉字早期字形加工中的部件数效应

探讨部件数效应是否在汉字早期字形加工中存在。要求被试识别重复速示方式下的具有不同部件数的汉字字形。大学生为被试。在实验1中，发现4部件字比在通透性、笔画数、字频和像素数上匹配的2部件字更容易识别字形；在实验2中，2部件字的通透性比4部件字更好，此时没有识别成绩上的差异。上面的结果表明在字形加工中存在着部件数效应，它指部件越多越容易识别汉字字形。在讨论部分提出了一个字形加工的部分线索模型，它指被试可以根据汉字的部分线索(例如部件)识别整个汉字。

EFFECT OF COMPONENT NUMBER IN EARLY STAGES OF VISUAL PERCEPTION OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

In previous research,people tended to explore the influences of component number on visual perception of Chinese characters based on some methods that didn't focus on the early stages of processing the form of Chinese characters. As stroke number and structure of Chinese characters,component can be treated as a type of features in the form of Chinese characters. It's necessary to use the methods that are helpful to explore the mechanism underlying in the early stages of visual perception of Chinese characters. The subjects in the present experiments were asked to identify the form of Chinese characters that were presented in the repeatedly tachistoscopical condition. In experiment 1,characters with 4-component and 2-component were randomly selected from the Basic set of Chinese characters(GB2312-80)and paired in frequency of presentation,stroke distance,stroke number and the pixel number. Undergraduates who were able to speak fluent Mandarin were instructed to name each character as quickly and accurately as possible. The result was that the characters with 4-component were easier to be identified than the correspondingly paired characters with 2-component. In experiment 2,there was no difference between identifying characters with 2-component and 4-component when the characters with 2-component had longer stroke distance. These results showed that there is the effect of component number in the early stage of visual perception of Chinese characters,which refers to the more components involved in a character,the easier to identify the form of the character. The effect suggested that subjects could process the form of Chinese characters based on partial cuss(e.g., components). In the discussion part, a partial cue model for processing form of Chinese characters was proposed.