Reversal theory: A new perspective on crisis counselling

Caplan, in a variety of publications, has presented a model of crisis development which seeks to exemplify the core conditions of a crisis. Brandon has elaborated this model and shown its relevance to counselling and therapy. The recent development of the theory of psychological reversals, however, poses questions about the validity of Caplan's model. In this paper, a critique of crisis theory is presented, focusing particularly upon the notion of homeostasis and upon the relationship between arousal and anxiety. It is suggested that the five crisis models derived from the theory of reversals offer a fuller understanding of crises and crisis counselling than can be derived from Caplan's work.