两宋史事易学的演变与发展特征

援史释《易》成为宋儒解《易》的常用方式,虽然此种注《易》方式并不始于宋代,但大量用史在宋代易学阐释中表现的尤为突出。究其原因,当与宋代儒学复兴、史学发展以及宋代士人的政治观念有着密切的联系。北宋与南宋的史事易学又呈现出明显的不同,北宋援引史事是出于解说义理的需要,而南宋则用史事解证卦爻辞,直接将《周易》视为一部极具历史借鉴及指导意义的经典。南宋卦卦有史的《周易》阐释并不是一朝一夕形成的,而是北宋援引史事以证易理的继承与发展。

Evolution and Characteristics of History-based Scholarship on the Changes in the Song Dynasty

Citing historical events was a frequently used approach to the interpretation of the Book of Changes in the Song dynasty(960-1279).Although this approach did not begin from the Song dynasty,it appeared prominently during this period.This phenomenon is bound up with the revival of Confucianism,the development of historiography,and intellectuals’political beliefs at that time.Nevertheless,this approach in the Northern Song dynasty(960-1127)was quite different from that in Southern Song dynasty(1127-1279),in that scholars’starting point in the Northern Song dynasty was philosophical connotations in the Yijing while that in the Southern Song dynasty aimed to prove the hexagram and line statements and therefore directly took the Book of Changes as a valuable classic for reference and guidance.This phenomenon in the Southern Song dynasty did not form in one day but was the succession and development of this hermeneutics from the Northern Song dynasty.