影响频度记忆的几个因素

本研究通过两个实验探讨了刺激呈现频度、刺激的形式及其性质、加工深度、操作难度、意向性诸因素对频度记忆的影响,结果表明频度编码并不是一个独立、自动的加工系统,对其它识记过程有影响的因素同时也能改变被试的频度估计水平;意向的作用主要体现在当识记任务有一定难度且又缺乏有效的回忆线索时,能够在有限的范围内提高频度估计的水平;记忆痕迹的深度和广度对于频度信息的提取来说是两个彼此关联的线索。此外,本文还就频度记忆领域几个主要理论观点作了简要评述。

SOME INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN MEMORY OF FREQUENCY

This research is an attempt to examine how some factors,such as thefrequency stimulus display, the form and nature of the stimulus, thedepth of processing,the difficulty of operation and the effect of inten-tionality influences the memory of frequency. The result shows that theencoding of ferquency is not an independent and automatic processing system. Some influential factors in other memory processes are also effectivein changing the level of frequency estimation. The active role intentiona-lity played can be seen clearly when memory tasks are difficult and lackof effective cues for recall. Intentionality can promote, to some extent,the level of frequency estimation. The depth and amount of memorytraces are two interrelative cues from which the information of fre-quency are derived. In addition, some important ideas concerning thememory of frequency are also reviewed briefly in this article.