Examining the role of emotional valence of mind wandering: All mind wandering is not equal |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Nova Southeastern University, United States;2. University of North Texas, United States;1. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Postbus 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, The Netherlands;1. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;2. Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;3. Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;4. Department of Philosophy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;5. Department of Philosophy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;6. Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA;7. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA;1. Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada;1. Department of Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany;2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | To evaluate the role of emotional valence on the impact of mind wandering on working memory (WM) and sustained attention, we reanalyzed data from three independently conducted studies that examined the impact of stress on WM (Banks & Boals, 2016; Banks, Welhaf, & Srour, 2015) and sustained attention (Banks, Tartar, & Welhaf, 2014). Across all studies, participants reported the content of their thoughts at random intervals during the WM or sustained attention task. Thought probes in all studies included a core set of response options for task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) that were negatively, positively, or neutrally emotionally valenced. In line with theories of emotional valenced stimuli on capture of attention, results suggest negatively valenced TUTs, but not positively valenced TUTs, were related to poorer WM and sustained attention in two studies. Neutral TUTs were related to poorer WM but not sustained attention performance. Implications for models of mind wandering are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Mind wandering Emotional valence Working memory Sustained attention |
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