Evidence for spontaneous level-2 perspective taking in adults |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary;2. Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary;3. Cognitive Development Center, Central European University, Október 6. str. 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary;4. Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest 1111, Hungary;5. Institute for Advanced Study, Central European University, Október 6. str. 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary;1. Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place du Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;2. Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, UK;3. School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;1. Aston Brain Centre, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, UK;2. School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK;1. Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK;2. Department of Psychology, Brunel University, UK;3. Centre for Brain Science, University of Essex, UK;1. Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK;2. School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK;3. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, 9 South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK;4. MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK;5. Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King''s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK |
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| Abstract: | Social interactions are fostered by humans’ propensity to compute their partner’s perspective online. However, due to the mindreading system’s limited capacity perspective taking (PT) was argued to occur spontaneously only for level-1, but not level-2 perspectives. We propose that level-2 perspectives (containing aspectual information) can also be computed spontaneously if participants have reason to assume that the partner is indeed aware of the objects’ aspectual properties. Pairs of adult participants took part in the modified version of Surtees, Butterfill, and Apperly’s (2012) number verification paradigm. Participants had prior information on their partner’s task, which either called for processing aspectual properties or did not. The partner’s inconsistent perspective was found to interfere with RT-s providing evidence for spontaneous level-2 PT. However, such interference only occurred when the partner’s task involved processing the perspective dependent object feature, suggesting that PT was sensitive to the other’s awareness of the to be represented information. |
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| Keywords: | Spontaneous level-2 perspective taking Aspectuality Awareness Social partner Two systems approach in ToM |
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