模板理论与限制调节理论的比较研究

直接针对专家记忆优势效应的理论主要有两个，模板理论和限制调节理论。模板理论认为，专家记忆优势效应是由于专家将许多模板存储于长时记忆中；而限制调节理论认为，专家记忆优势效应是由于专家能够抽取与目标关联的限制来建构刺激物。文章以中国象棋为实验材料．对两个理论进行了比较，实验结果否定了限制调节理论。

Experimental Comparison Between Template Theory and Constraint Attunement Hypothesis

There are two theories applied to explain the large effects of domain expertise on memory recall observed in a number of task domains. The template theory postulates that expertise effects in memory recall depend in large part upon a vest, organized long-term memory of specific information about patterns. The constraint attunement hypothesis predicts tha there will be a memory expertise advantage in case in which experts are attuned to the goal-relevant constraints in the material to be recalled and that the more constraint available, the greater the expertise advantage can be. This present paper, using Chinese chess, experimentally compare the two theories. The result denies the constraint attunement hypothesis.