管子的“禾变”君子观及儒家的“合变”传承——以《管子》为中心

管子的思想对中国影响较大，《管子》的君子观是天地之道，是君子存在的依据，君子的“禾变”智变是君子存在的现实需要，君子境界是静因无为自然境界与“重任”在身的道德境界的结合，君子的核心思想是“禾变”智变，这符合当时社会现实需求。这种“禾变”智变思想与儒家君子观仁义礼智合一的思想不一致，后来儒家君子观在发展上对管子君子观进行了“合变”式地发展传承，既有批判又有吸收，使儒家君子成为理想的社会形象。

Guan Zi's He-changing Gentleman Thoughts and Confucian Changing-adding Transmission

Guan Zi＇s thoughts influence Chinese very much. His gentleman thoughts is that： The Tao of heaven and earth was the basis of gentleman＇s existence, gentleman＇s He--changing and smart-- changing is the realistic requirement of gentleman＇s existence, gentleman＇s realm was the unit of natu- ral realm of Wu--wei while silence and moral realm of heavy duty. The core thoughts of gentleman thoughts are He--changing and smart-- changing thoughts, which was fit to the social needs at that time. But that was inconsistent to Confucian gentleman thoughts of Ren, yi, Li and Zhi, which led to Changing--adding Transmission of development of gentleman thoughts. Therefore, Confucian gentle- man became an ideal social image.