国外关于自信的研究综述

近些年来自信研究已受到越来越多的心理学家的关注。文章对国外30多年来自信的理论和实证研究进行了系统综述,从概念和结构上阐述了国外自信研究的历史和现状,并从自信的差异研究、两极与反面研究以及影响因素3方面总结了具体研究领域的最新进展。在此基础上,指出了自信研究领域存在的问题和将来的研究方向。

A REVIEW OF RESEARCHES ON SELF-CONFIDENCE IN THE WEST

This study reviews theoretical and experimental researches on self-confidence in about more than 30 years. The thesis makes a systematic exposition on the history and present situation of self-confidence studies in the west conceptually and structurally. And it summarizes the latest practical researches of self-confidence from 3 aspects: 1) difference researches on self-confidence. It includes sex differences, cultural differences and age differences in self-confidence; 2) Both ends and negative side researches of self-confidence. Three aspects are reviewed: overconfidence, under-confidence and self-doubt. 3) Researches on influencing factors of self-confidence. On this basis, it raises some questions in self-confidence researches and points out the future direction.