音乐对希望感的影响

过去的研究发现,在经历挫折后,相比于不听音乐,听积极音乐能提升人们的希望感。然而,研究者并不清楚积极音乐和消极音乐在提升希望感上是否存在差异,也不清楚这种差异是否由于两种音乐在诱发的积极情绪或消极情绪的差异造成的。文章通过三个实验来考察这些问题。实验一发现,在无挫折的情况下,积极音乐相比消极音乐诱发了更强的希望感。实验二发现,这种效应同样存在于人们回忆挫折之后,并且是积极情绪在其中起中介作用。实验三则通过设置控制组进一步发现,这种效应是由积极音乐对希望感的提升作用和消极音乐对希望感的降低作用共同引起的。文末讨论了该发现的意义。

Effect of Music on State Hope

It has been found that compared to not listening to music,listening to positive music elevate individuals' state hope after frustration.It is still not clear,however,whether positive music and negative music show difference in elevating state hope and whether such difference arises from the difference in the induced positive or negative affect.The present paper examined these issues with three experiments.Study 1 demonstrated that positive music induced stronger state hope than negative music in general situation.Study 2 showed that this effect held when frustrating experiences were recalled,and positive affect mediated the effect.Study 3 further added a control group and found that both positive and negative music showed an effect on state hope.Implications of the findings were also discussed.