青少年重复创伤暴露与创伤后应激障碍的关系:安全感与认知重评的中介作用

采用创伤暴露程度问卷、生活事件量表、安全感量表、情绪调节策略问卷和修订后的DSM-5的PTSD核查表对汶川地震8.5年后的1156名中学生进行调查，考察其重复创伤暴露、安全感和认知重评与PTSD之间的关系。结果发现，在控制初次地震暴露后，重复创伤暴露可以直接正向预测PTSD，也可以通过确定控制感和人际安全感分别间接地正向预测PTSD，还可以通过人际安全感经认知重评的多重中介作用来正向预测PTSD。不过，重复创伤暴露不能直接经过认知重评对PTSD发挥显著的预测作用，也不能通过确定控制感经认知重评来对PTSD发挥显著的多重间接预测作用。

The Relation between Repetitive Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Understanding the Roles of Feelings of Safety and Cognitive Reappraisal

To examine the relation among repetitive trauma exposure, feelings of safety, cognitive reappraisal, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this study investigates 1156 adolescents at 8.5 year after Wenchuan earthquake by using traumatic exposure questionnaire, life events inventory, feelings of safety questionnaire, emotion regulation strategies questionnaire, and modified DSM-5 PTSD checklist. The structural equation model was used to examine the relation above, and results found that repetitive trauma exposure has direct and positive effect on PTSD, and it also can exert indirect and positive effect on PTSD via feelings of interpersonal safety and sense of mastery, respectively. In addition, repetitive trauma exposure may also affect positively PTSD by feelings of interpersonal safety to cognitive reappraisal. However, repetitive trauma exposure has non-significant effect on PTSD by cognitive reappraisal, or by sense of mastery to cognitive reappraisal.