4-6岁儿童在小模型旋转任务中的线索学习与位置学习*

以90名4-6岁儿童为被试,探讨了儿童在小模型旋转任务中利用线索学习和位置学习表征空间位置的年龄特点。研究结果表明:(1)儿童对线索学习的利用要优于对位置学习的利用；(2)4岁儿童已经可以使用线索学习的方式表征空间位置,但到6岁左右才开始能够使用基于方向的位置学习；(3)线索特征对于儿童的线索学习有显著影响,明显、突出的线索有利于儿童的线索学习。

Cue Learning and Place Learning in Children’s Spatial Location Coding in a Rotation Task

Two experiments were conducted to investigate how young children use landmarks to code a spatial location in a rotation set. Three age groups of children (4-, 5- and 6-year-olds) were tested. The results were as follows: 1) Children used cue learning much better than place learning;2) 4-year-olds could use cue learning to code target locations while place learning was not acquired until 6 years old;3) Cues which were salient could increase children’s cue learning.