特征呈现方式对类别知觉表征的影响*

两个实验采用阻碍效应范式探讨了特征的呈现方式对类别知觉表征的影响。研究结果发现在阻碍效应范式中,改变特征的呈现方式引发了不同的类别知觉表征方式；当固定样例特征的呈现位置时,引发了基于样例整体相似性的表征；而随机样例特征的呈现位置时,引发了基于样例特征的解析表征。该结果支持了类别学习的多系统理论。

Feature Presentation on Category Perceptual Representation

The effect of feature presentation on category perceptual representation was investigated in a blocking paradigm in which one defining dimension could perfectly classify all exemplars into two categories. In experiment 1, participants were assigned to learn two categories with features presented sequentially or randomly, which may require different working memory. However, the results showed that some nondefining features were learned regardless of the feature presentation. Experiment 2 fixed the defining feature on the top of each exemplar. A strong blocking was found in the sequential condition and none nondefining feature was learned. It indicated that sequential feature presentation induced overall similarity processing, whereas random feature presentation promoted analytic processing.