从儿童赌博任务看热执行功能的发展

为考察热执行功能的发展,本研究通过儿童赌博任务检测了60名3～4岁儿童(男女各半)的情感决策。实验结果表明,3岁和4岁儿童在此任务上存在显著的年龄差异,4岁组在各试验组的分数呈上升趋势,他们在试验组2、尤其在试验组4和5中选择有利纸牌的次数显著多于3岁儿童,这反映出情感决策在3～4岁期间发展迅速。此外,儿童在此任务上的成绩存在很多可变性,可能掩盖了性别差异,因而,尽管男孩在最后两个试验组的成绩优于女孩,但性别差异在统计上并不显著。

Development of"Hot"Executivc Function through Children's Gambling Task

Affective decision-making was studied in 60 children at 2 ages (3 and 4 years) using the Children's Gambling Task, to examine the development of hot executive function. Results showed a significant age difference between 3-and 4-year-olds. Scores increased across blocks for 4-year-olds, and 4-year-olds made more advantageous choices than 3-year-olds on three blocks, especially the last two blocks. This indicated that affective decision-making develops rapidly between 3 and 4 years. On the other hand, a lot of variability in children's performance on this task migh have obscured sex effects. Therefore,sex difference was not statistically significant, though boys did better than girls on the last two blocks.