目标倾向的理论研究述评

本文系统地回顾了目标倾向及其理论结构的研究，当代流行的成就动机观点认为，在成就目标上，个体的目标倾向可以分为学习目标倾向和统政目标价向。学习目标倾向的特征是寻求挑战，掌握新知识，面对失败时会付出更大的努力必政目标价向的特征是寻求良好的能力评价，避免不良的能力评价，回避挑战，遇到障碍、失败时绩效下降。目前多数研究认为，学习目标倾向和绩效目标倾向是相互独立的结构，而非同一结构的两极。目标倾向主要属于个体的心理特质，同时也受到环境因素的影响。

Review of the Studies on the Conceptual and Empirical Foundation of Goal Orientation

This paper reviewed the studies on the copetual and empirical foundation of goal orientation.Therewere two types of goals:learning goals and performance goals was adopted,individuals trive rither to demonstrate,and thereby gain favorable judgments of,their competence via task performance or to avoid negative judgments of their competence,persteredmaladaptive"helpless"response pattern.When a task was approached from a task was approached form a learning goal orientation,individuals strive to understand something new or to mcrease their level of competence in a given activity, it promoted adaptive"mastery-oriented"responses.Past responses.Past re- search suggested that goal orientation might has the dispositional and situational aspects which was distinguish-able,and the two types of goals were unrelated.