文化影响自我解释的神经机制

自我解释是指个体如何思考自我及其与他人的关系。在集体主义-个人主义维度下, 东西方人分属于典型的相依性-独立性自我解释：自我参照任务中, 东亚人的自我和重要他人(如母亲)均表征于内侧前额叶皮质(MPFC), 西方人的自我和重要他人分表征于不同脑区; 偶发任务和词-音不一致任务中, 相依性自我解释程度分别调节P3和N400的活动; 文化启动任务中, 双文化被试可通达相应的自我解释。社会脑假设、文化-基因协同进化论和神经-文化交互作用模型对此进行了阐释。未来应研究中国人的关系自我, 尤其是探索本土化的理论和研究方法。

Neural Mechanism of Cultural Influences on the Self-construal

Self-construal refers to how people think about themselves and their relation to others.From collectivism-individualism perspective,East Asians and Westerners are respectively typical interdependent-independent self-construal.In self-reference task,significant others(e.g.mother) and self were represented in the same brain area,which is medial prefrontal cortex(MPFC),for East Asians but not for Westerners.In oddball task and word-voice incongruity task,degree of interdependence modulates the brain response of P3 and N400 respectively.Corresponding self-construal can be accessible for bicultural subjects in culture priming.Some theories could explain the influence process,such as social brain hypothesis,culture-gene coevolutionary theory,and neuro-culture interaction model.Future researches should focus on Chinese relational self,especially on the development of native theories and methods.