执行功能与心理理论关系的元分析:抑制控制和灵活转换的作用

心理理论的发展对个体社会化具有重要意义。研究通过元分析的方法,表明执行功能能够有效预测个体心理理论的发展水平(r=0.37,p0.001),且具有跨文化和跨人群的稳定性;同时,在个体的毕生发展中,执行功能均与心理理论存在显著相关,证明了执行功能的表达说;但在不同的发展阶段(Q1=411.75,p10.001,df1=90;Q2=219.49,p20.001,df2=50),心理理论的发展会受到执行功能不同成分的影响:0~3岁时抑制控制起关键作用;3~12岁时,心理理论受到抑制控制和灵活转换的共同影响;青春期阶段,灵活转换的作用明显;而到了成年期,抑制控制与灵活转换均会对心理理论产生积极影响。

Meta-analysis of The Relation Between Executive Function and Theory of Mind:The Role of Inhibitory Control and Set Shifting

The development of the Theory of Mind is of great significance for individual''s socialization. This study proves that executive function can effectively predict the level of the Theory of Mind (r=0.37, p<0.001) by meta-analysis with cross-culture and cross-population stability. This relation is stable in one''s life, proving the expression of executive function. However, in different stages of development, Theory of Mind is influenced by different components of executive function (Q₁=411.75, p₁<0.001, df₁=90; Q₂=219.49, p₂<0.001, df₂=50). Under age 3, inhibitory control plays a key role. Between 3 and 12 years old, the Theory of Mind is controlled by the combined effect of inhibitory control and set shifting, while during adolescence set shifting becomes more important. As to adulthood, both inhibitory control and set shifting could have a positive impact on the Theory of Mind.