Uncovering the problem-solving process: cued retrospective reporting versus concurrent and retrospective reporting |
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Authors: | van Gog Tamara Paas Fred van Merriënboer Jeroen J G Witte Puk |
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Institution: | Educational Technology Expertise Center, Open University of The Netherlands, Heerlen, Netherlands. tamara.vangog@ou.nl |
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Abstract: | This study investigated the amounts of problem-solving process information ("action," "why," "how," and "metacognitive") elicited by means of concurrent, retrospective, and cued retrospective reporting. In a within-participants design, 26 participants completed electrical circuit troubleshooting tasks under different reporting conditions. The method of cued retrospective reporting used the original computer-based task and a superimposed record of the participant's eye fixations and mouse-keyboard operations as a cue for retrospection. Cued retrospective reporting (with the exception of why information) and concurrent reporting (with the exception of metacognitive information) resulted in a higher number of codes on the different types of information than did retrospective reporting. |
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