Bidirectional Influences of Violence Exposure and Adjustment in Early Adolescence: Externalizing Behaviors and School Connectedness |
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Authors: | Sylvie Mrug Michael Windle |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 912 building, Rm 133, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-1200, USA;(2) Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA |
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Abstract: | This study utilized cross-lagged longitudinal models to examine prospective, bidirectional relationships between witnessing
violence and victimization and three adjustment variables—delinquency, conduct problems, and school connectedness. Participants
included 603 early adolescent boys and girls (78% African American, 20% Caucasian). Witnessing violence was related to subsequent
lower levels of school connectedness and more conduct problems. For Caucasian but not African American adolescents, witnessing
violence also predicted later delinquency. Victimization was linked with lower school connectedness over time, and for boys
but not girls also with more conduct problems. Only adolescent delinquency was associated with subsequent witnessing violence
and victimization.
This research was partially supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant No. R49–CCR418569. |
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Keywords: | Witnessing violence Victimization Early adolescence Delinquency Conduct problems School connectedness |
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