A jigsaw puzzle theory of memory

The principal novel feature of this paper is the notion that a coherent memory can be synthesised from a set of partially coherent memory fragments by maximising a particular function, Harmony (Smolensky, 1986). The appeal of Harmony is that it fulfils two functions: it is at the heart of the synthesis algorithm and it provides a natural measure for “feeling-of-knowing”. The model is applied to feeling-of-knowing data, flashbulb memories, flashbacks, repression, dissociation, memory stability across repeated recalls, and the effects of cue size on retrieval.