Comparison of social time-out and activity time-out procedures in suppressing ethanol self-administration in alcoholics |
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Authors: | Roland R. Griffiths George Bigelow Ira Liebson |
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Affiliation: | Department of Psychiatry, Baltimore City Hospitals, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MDUSA |
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Abstract: | The experiments compared the potencies of three different contingent time-out procedures for suppressing drinking in alcoholics, and also compared two different experimental methodologies for conducting such studies. In a residential research ward setting fourteen volunteer chronic alcoholics were given daily access to 17 alcoholic drinks provided that a minimum of 40 min elapsed between receiving successive drinks. Each drink contained 1 oz 95-proof ethanol in orange juice. During the baseline condition subjects were free to drink with no behavioral restrictions. However during the time-out conditions, specific behavioral restrictions were imposed on the subjects for the 40-min period following receipt of each drink. The results showed that Social time-out suppressed drinking to 71 per cent of baseline conditions, while Activity time-out and the combined Social and Activity time-out suppressed intake to 36 and 24 per cent, respectively. The study also demonstrated that similar experimental results were obtained when subjects were continuously exposed to the experimental conditions for a number of consecutive days. or intermittently exposed to different conditions in a mixed order over successive days. |
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Keywords: | Reprints may be obtained from Roland Griffiths Department of Psychiatry The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MDUSA 21205 |
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