目标设置对工作记忆成绩影响的实验研究

为了回应Locke提出的“目标设置理论仍然需要发展”的观点，本文从认知心理学的角度对目标设置理论进行了检验。结果表明：设置明确且有一定难度的目标比设置模糊或一般性目标会使被试产生更高水平的努力，从而提高成绩；设置明确但难度偏低的目标与设置模糊目标的成绩间并无显著性差异；被试对目标的可接受性程度越高，成绩越好；任务难度变量对目标难度与成绩之间的调节效应要通过被试对策略的发掘和使用以及在时间方面给予一定的压力才能得到体现。

A Research on How Goal-setting Affects the Score of Working Memory

In order to respond to the idea of Locke that the goal setting theory still needs to be developed,the paper examines the goal setting theory from the perspective of cognitive psychology.The experiment makes use of DMDX software to establish two experimental tasks on visual spatial working memory and digital working memory.The task difficulty variable is divided into three levels by a pass rate of the pre-test's result(the subject with a pass rate less than 20% is classified as high-task difficulty;that with...