应激源感知的文化和性别差异:对留学中国的非洲学生和西方学生的跨文化研究

本研究对留学中国的非洲和西方留学生进行了留学应激的调查研究(study abroad stress survey，SASS)，旨在确定应激源感知是否存在文化差异，同时为留学生的应激感知研究创建一个基础。结果表明，最常感知到的应激源来自学术和人际交往两个方面。文化差异和性别差异仅表现在部分具体的应激源感知上，总体上的应激源感知并未发现任何组间差异。男女留学生都曾经体验到日常压力所引起的较高的应激，面在对学业成绩不佳、课程不足等应激源的感知上性别差异较小。结果显示出对跨文化适应研究的必要性。

Cultural and Gender Differences in Perceiving Stressors: A Cross-cultural Investigation of African and Western Students at Chinese Colleges

In order to provide basic information about stress perceptions among international college students in China and determine whether there are cultural differen ces in their ways of perceiving stressors, a Study Abroad Stress Survey (SASS) w as administered to 82 Africans and 74 westerners. The results indicated that aca demic and interpersonal sources of stress were the most common stressors perceived in the two groups. High pressures and challenges perceived in both African and W estern students were classified as daily hassles. No group differences existed i n the sub total perceptions of the four categories of stress measured. Group va riatio ns existed only in their sub divisional areas of stress. Both male and female s t udents tended to experience the highest stress levels on account of their dai ly hassles. Minor diff erences in perception of stressors such as attaining lower grades, missing too m any classes, and working with unfamiliar people were found among male and female students. The study suggested the need for the cross cultural orientat ion of students.