Implicit open-mindedness: Evidence for and limits on stereotype malleability |
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Authors: | Ana Sofia Santos Leonel Garcia-Marques Diane M. Mackie Mário B. Ferreira B. Keith Payne Sérgio Moreira |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal;2. Department of Psychology, UCSB, USA;3. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA;4. Department of Social Psychology, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal |
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Abstract: | Although stereotypes have traditionally been regarded as stable, research has documented their considerable malleability. One potential source of such malleability is intrusion into the stereotype of other concepts also activated when the stereotype is activated. In three experiments we assessed the extent to which stereotypes were influenced by stereotypic, stereotype-unrelated, or counter-stereotypic traits activated in a completely unrelated context immediately prior to stereotype measurement. Across experiments, priming of stereotype-unrelated traits increased their inclusion in the stereotype, whereas priming of counter-stereotypic traits had no effect in the subsequently assessed stereotype. In Experiment 3 we collected perceived dispersion measures and showed that although priming counter-stereotypic traits had no effect on overall characterization of the target group, it boosted perceptions of the group's variability. We accounted for these results by extending Higgins' (1989) Synapse Model of knowledge accessibility to the stereotype domain. |
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