情绪调节策略：认知重评优于表达抑制

Gross提出情绪调节产生于情绪发生的过程中，主要有两种普遍的调节策略：认知重评和表达抑制。本文探讨了这两种策略在情绪反应和神经机制上的异同，以及二者对认知活动造成的不同影响。与表达抑制相比，认知重评能更好地降低情绪体验，减少生理反应和交感神经系统的激活，降低杏仁核的激活水平，并对认知活动不产生影响；而表达抑制虽然能够降低情绪行为，但生理反应和交感神经系统的激活却增强，而杏仁核激活水平并未降低，且干扰认知活动的完成。神经病理学的证据进一步表明，相较于表达抑制，认知重评能更好地调节情绪，有利于人们的身心健康。

Emotion Regulation Strategies:Cognitive Reappraisal Is More Effective than Expressive Suppression

Gross suggested that emotion regulation is generated in emotion process. There are two commonly used emotion regulation strategies: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. This review compares the two strategies with respect to their effects on emotional responses and their neural underpinnings. Moreover, the impacts of the two strategies on other cognition processes are discussed. Cognitive reappraisal not only reduces subjective emotion experience but also decreases the sympathetic responses and deactivates the emotion-related brain, while it will not impair other cognition process. Despite its usefulness in reducing subjective emotional experience, expressive suppression leads to sympathetic and amygdala activations. In particular, it will disrupt other cognitive processes. Therefore, cognitive reappraisal is more effective than expressive suppression, and is better for people’s physical and mental health.