工作记忆容量和加工速度在归纳推理能力老化中的作用

利用结构方程模型考察了工作记忆容量和加工速度在归纳推理老化中的作用。样本为217名社区老人。结果发现：(1)工作记忆容量在归纳推理老化中具有重要作用．语音环路和视空问初步加工系统在推理过程巾参与程度相当。(2)在年龄和归纳推理能力之问存在年龄——加工速度——工作记忆容量——归纳推理这样一条层级关系。年龄、加工速度和工作记忆容量共同解释归纳推理中57％的变异。

The Roles of Working Memory Capacity and Processing Speed in Inductive Reasoning Aging

The present study explored the roles of working memory capacity and processing speed in inductive reasoning aging. The data were derived from 217 participants 60 to 85 years old. SEM analysis indicated that working memory was an important mediator in the aging process of inductive reasoning ability. 27% of the age-related variance in inductive reasoning was accounted for by the visuospatial sketch pad, nearly the same as that of the phonological loop, which accounted for 25% of the age-related variance. Processing speed affected the aging of inductive reasoning ability through capacity. 57% of the age-related variance in inductive reasoning was shared by speed and capacity.