核心家庭父亲协同教养对青少年抑郁的影响:父子依恋和母子依恋的中介作用

基于家庭系统理论，采用父亲协同教养、父子依恋、母子依恋和抑郁量表，对河南省某中学初中一、二年级，高中一、二年级共计890名来自核心家庭的青少年进行调查，探索父亲协同教养各维度（团结、一致、冲突、贬低）与青少年抑郁之间的关系，以及父子依恋和母子依恋在二者关系中的中介作用。结果表明：（1）在控制其它维度作用的情况下，父亲协同教养中的团结和冲突对青少年抑郁具有显著的预测作用，一致和贬低对抑郁的预测作用不显著，表明团结、冲突对青少年抑郁具有显著的“独特效应”；（2）团结、一致、冲突、贬低性协同教养均对母子依恋具有显著影响，支持家庭系统中的“交叉效应”；团结、冲突对父子依恋具有显著影响，支持家庭系统中的“外溢效应”；（3）中介效应分析的结果表明，团结、一致、冲突对抑郁的直接效应不显著，母子依恋在团结与青少年抑郁、冲突与青少年抑郁的关系中起到完全中介作用，但父子依恋的中介作用不显著。本研究有助于增进对父亲协同教养的认知，对于指导家庭教育实践、促进青少年心理积极发展具有重要的意义。

Father Coparenting and Adolescent Depression in Nuclear Families:The Mediating Roles of Father-child Attachment and Mother-child Attachment

Based on family system theory, this study examined the relationship between father coparenting(four dimensions: integrity, consistency, conflict, and bias) and adolescents’ depression, as well as the mediating roles of parental attachment. A total of 890 junior high and senior high school students from nuclear families finished father coparenting, father-child attachment, mother-child attachment, and depression measures voluntarily. The results showed that:(1) Coparenting integrity significantly and negatively predicted adolescents’ depression, and coparenting conflict significantly and positively predicted adolescents’ depression, while consistency and bias did not predict depression significantly;(2) Coparenting integrity, consistency, conflict, and bias significantly predicted adolescents’ attachment with mother, supporting the “crossover effect”;coparenting integrity and conflict significantly predicted adolescents’ attachment with father, supporting the “spillover effect”;(3) The mediation analysis showed that the direct effect of coparenting integrity, consistency, and conflict were not significant, coparenting integrity and conflict may influence adolescent depression via mother-child attachment, while the mediating role of father-child attachment was not significant. These results would contribute to the knowledge of father coparenting, benefit the practice of family education, and promote adolescents’ positive development.