内隐学习“三高”特征的实验研究

本研究在社会认知的人物特征识别范畴内,探讨在高强度练习和准确反馈条件下,内隐学习的高选择力、高潜力以及高密度贮存三大特征。实验采用一种测量内隐和外显学习的新方法,要求被试学会把像片按其组合特征分类。这些特征包括人物姿势的正侧面(显著维度特征),人物容貌的美丑(非显著维度特征)。结果表明:(1)非显著特征的学习,内隐被试表现出更大且显著的底层规则的迁移,比外显被试具有更高的选择力。(2)内隐被试表现出高潜力的内隐知识。(3)信息论处理揭示了内隐知识传递和贮存的高密性和高效性。

A STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPLICIT LEARNING:ADVANTAGES IN SELECTIVE CAPABILITY,POTENTIALITY,AND DENSITY OF TRASMISSION AND STORAGE

This is a study of the three major charac-teristics(i.e.high selective capability,poten-tiality and density of transmission and sto-rage)of implicit learning under conditionsof extensive training and accurate feedbackwithin the category of image features of so-cial cognition.The experiment adopted a newmethod to measure implicit and explicit learn-ing:the subjects were trained in classifyingpictures in accordance with their compositecharacteristics including frontal/profile pos-tures(salient dimension)and attractive/uqly looks(non-salient dimension).The re-sults indicated:1)with respect to the non-salient dimension,the implicit subjects werefound to have a regular bottom-level shiftgreater and more obvious than that of theexplicit subjects,and a greater selective ca-pability as well;2)the implicit subjects dis-played a higher potentiality for tacit knowl-edge;3)the processing on the basis of infor-mation theory reveald the great density andefficiency of transmission and storage of tacitknowledge.