Mind-over-body beliefs in sport and exercise: A driving force for training volume and performance,but with risks for exercise addiction |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Konstanz, Germany;2. University of Bern, Switzerland;1. Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;2. Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;3. Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Statistics, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA;1. Department of Sport & Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany;2. School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK;1. Centre of Research and Studies in Soccer (NUPEF), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa-MG, Brazil;2. EDAF Research Group, Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain;1. Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Portugal;2. Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Portugal;3. Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal;4. Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320, Melgaço, Portugal;5. Research Center in Sports Sciences Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal;6. Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer de Melgaço, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal;7. Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-223, Bragança, Portugal;8. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Portugal;9. CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada Dafundo, Portugal;1. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium;2. Moray House School of Education and Sport, University of Edinburgh, UK |
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| Abstract: | We assume that athletic success is associated with certain beliefs that on the one hand promote performance-enhancing behavior (training volume), but on the other hand can also be detrimental to health (sports addiction). These beliefs are succinctly characterized by the title of the 9-item “Mind-over-Body” scale presented here. They are the three beliefs that 1) athletic performance requires a high level of effort, 2) that willpower plays an important role in athletic success, and 3) that athletic success requires pain tolerance. A total of six web-survey-based studies with a total of 1121 participants (approximately gender parity), including individuals with different levels of athletic performance (no competition; amateur sport; regional, national, or international competition), examined the psychometric network and construct and criterion validity of the MoB scale. Exploratory graph analyses, which included the studies with the largest sample sizes, showed that the three belief components (effort, willpower, pain) form separable communities within the MoB network and that the MoB items form communities distinct from self-control and self-efficacy. Meta-analyzed correlations across all six studies showed low positive correlations with self-control and self-efficacy. In terms of criterion validity, MoB beliefs were positively correlated with training volume and exercise addiction. We discuss MoBs as “on the edge of unhealthy” and place MOBs within a framework of related but distinct concepts. |
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| Keywords: | Performance-oriented sport Beliefs Self-control Self-efficacy Exercise addiction Training volume Competitive level |
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