Examining the roles of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion on the effects from mindfulness to athlete burnout: A longitudinal study |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;2. School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China;3. Sport Psychology Center, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong, China;4. Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;5. School of Physical Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, China;6. Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia;1. School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, No. 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China;2. Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC), Bielefeld University, Inspiration 1, 33619, Bielefeld, Germany;3. Neurocognition and Action - Biomechanics Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany;4. School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, 112 Long Field house, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA;5. Institute of Sports Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Albert Schweitzerstr. 22, 55128, Mainz, Germany;6. Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da an Dist., Taipei, 106, Taiwan;7. Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da an Dist., Taipei, 106, Taiwan;8. Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland at College Park 4200 Valley Dr, College Park, MD, 20742, USA;9. Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences Program, University of Maryland at College Park 4090 Union Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA;10. University of Maryland. Department of Veterans Affairs, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Washington, DC, 20422, USA;1. Utah State University, USA;2. York St. John University, UK;1. Heidelberg University, Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Im Neuenheimer Feld 720, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany;2. University of Erfurt, Social, Organizational, and Economic Psychology, Germany;1. Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, United States;2. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, United States;3. Department of Kinesiology and Educational Psychology, Washington State University, United States;4. Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan;1. Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H2W 1S4, Canada |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesAthlete burnout is a maladaptive outcome that is potentially detrimental for performance and wellbeing. Cross-sectional evidence suggests that mindfulness might be associated with athlete burnout via experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion. In the current study, we extend knowledge of these hypothesized mediational pathways using a longitudinal design.MethodsData was collected at three occasions with a three-month interval. A final sample of 280 elite Chinese athletes aged 15–32 years (Mage = 19.13; SD = 2.92; Female = 130) reported their mindfulness at Time 1, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion at Time 2, and athlete burnout at Time 3. Structural equation modelling was adopted to examine the mediating roles of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion on the effects from mindfulness to athlete burnout.ResultsWe found statistically meaningful directs effects from mindfulness (Time 1) to experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion (Time 2), which in turn influenced athlete burnout (Time 3). However, the direct effect from mindfulness at Time 1 to athlete burnout at Time 3 was non-significant. The indirect effects of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion on the effects from mindfulness to athlete burnout were significant, providing longitudinal evidence that these two variables contribute meaningfully to the mindfulness-burnout pathway.ConclusionWith initial evidence for the mediating effects of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion, future studies could consider using experimental designs to examine the potential changing mechanisms of mindfulness on reducing athlete burnout. |
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| Keywords: | Burnout Cognitive fusion Elite athletes Experiential avoidance Mediation Mindfulness |
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