The role of individual differences in emotion regulation efficacy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University, Renmin Street, 5268, China;2. Swedish School of Social Science, University of Helsinki, Snellmaninkatu 12, PO BOX 16, 00014, Finland;1. University of Houston, United States;2. University of California—Davis, United States;1. University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada;2. University of Toronto, Scarborough, Canada;1. Department of Management, University of Alabama, United States;2. Alabama Transportation Institute, University of Alabama, United States;3. Hogan Assessment Systems, United States;1. School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel;2. Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel |
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| Abstract: | Emotion regulation (ER) helps to maintain mental health and achieve optimal functioning. Whether people benefit from various ER strategies may depend on individual difference variables. A sample of undergraduates (N = 378, Mage = 18.6) underwent a negative emotion induction and then were assigned to learn about and perform an ER strategy (cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, or distraction). We tested whether individual differences (cognitive restructuring skills, need for cognition, mindfulness, and experiential avoidance) moderated the efficacy of ER (i.e., decreased negative emotion from before to after applying the strategy). Experientially avoidant individuals had less efficacy in applying the acceptance strategy, compared to the cognitive reappraisal and distraction strategies. Motivation and perceived ability to use each strategy were examined as mediators. |
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| Keywords: | Emotion regulation Individual differences Cognitive reappraisal Acceptance Distraction Experiential avoidance |
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