汉语语用标记语与规约含义

本文剖析现代汉语中的语用标记语和规约含义之间的关系。格赖斯认为语用标记语的意义就是其所在话语的规约含义，本文指出语用标记语本身的意义不等于其所在话语的规约含义，因为语用标记语的意义不受语境影响，具有静态的语义特征，规约含义则是语用标记语和它所依附句子以及其使用场合相互作用而产生的，具有动态的语用特征。也就是说，同一语用标记语在不同的语境中会产生不同的规约含义。本文详细分析了各类语用标记语在具体语境中触发的规约含义。这种以说话人为中心分析语用标记语的方法摒弃了以听话人为中心或以篇章为中心的分析传统，不仅符合格赖斯意义理论基本哲学精神，而且符合自然语言的意义是对某一认知主体而言的基本语言哲学立场。

Chinese Pragmatic Markers and Conventional Implicature

This article offers an in-depth analysis of how Chinese pragmatic markers engender actual conventional implicatures. The analysis is Gricean in spirit but differs from [11] in that a pragmatic marker is taken to bear a conventional implicature potential, which cannot be fleshed out into an actual conventional implicature until it is used in a specific context. It is also noted that actual conventional implicatures are subjective in nature. Unlike other analyses ([2], [28]) pragmatic markers are approached from the perspective of the speaker rather than of the hearer or discourse.