认知特征、场独立性与飞行空间定向关系的研究

通过认知分化测验（ＣＬＢ）、团体镶嵌图形测验（ＧＥＦＴ）以及飞行定向水平的模糊评价技术，旨在检验认知特征、场独立性和飞行空间定向水平之间的关系。研究结果表明；（１）高水平的视觉空间认知能力及较强的场独立性特征不仅有助于获得一个良好的飞行定向水平，而且还构成了预测定向水平差异的有效指标；（２）场独立性特征与空间认知特征之间存在着一个很高的相关。具有较强场独立性特征的飞行员往往也具有较为典型的空间认知特征；（３）错觉水平较低的飞行员与中、重度错觉水平组飞行员在空间认知、认知分化和场独立性上的得分分别构成了显著的差异，表明轻度组飞行员在空间定向中表现出了良好的视觉空间信息组织、加工和某些元认知技能方面的优势。研究结果进一步证明了视觉空间认知加工和场独立性水平与飞行空间定向之间的紧密关系。

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITIVE PROFILE, FIELD-INDEPENDENCE AND SPATIAL ORIENTATION IN FLIGHT

The relationship between cognitive profile, field-independence and spatial orientation in flight was examined. 85 experienced pilots were tested with the Cognitive Laterality Battery (CLB) and the Group Embedded Hgures Test (GEFT) to assess their degrees of spatial cognitive profile and field independence, receptively. Meanwhile, the level of flight orientation was also assessed with respect to a fuzzy evaluation model of flight illusion. The results indicated: (l) Both high visuospatial ability and high fieldtindependence were helpful to get an improved flight orientation, as well as the two factors consisted of the best predictor of flight orientation; (2) A high positive conflation was found between typical spatial cognitive Profile and high field--independence. The pilots with high field--independence tended to have a typical spatial cognitive Profile; (3) The scores on the visuospatial tests, CLQ and field--independence lost differed significanhy between three groups in illusion level, respectively. The Pilots with bald--illusion usually had more superiority in processing, organizing visuospatial information and some high metacognitive skills for spatial orientation in flight. The study furthered evidences that there was a strong relationship between visuospatial ability, field--independence and spatial orientation in fight.