Gray matter correlates of fluid,crystallized, and spatial intelligence: Testing the P-FIT model |
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| Authors: | Roberto Colom Richard J Haier Kevin Head Juan Álvarez-Linera María Ángeles Quiroga Pei Chun Shih Rex E Jung |
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| Institution: | 1. Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory C3NL Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK;2. MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK;1. Department of Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;2. IDeA Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;3. Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany;4. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands;1. Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;2. Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience Department, Siena School of Medicine, Siena, Italy;3. Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitacio Guttmann, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain;4. Honeywell Labs, Honeywell Aerospace, Redmond, WA, USA;5. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA;6. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;1. Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;2. Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitacio Guttmann, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Honeywell Labs, Honeywell Aerospace, Redmond, WA, USA;4. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA;5. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK |
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| Abstract: | The parieto-frontal integration theory (P-FIT) nominates several areas distributed throughout the brain as relevant for intelligence. This theory was derived from previously published studies using a variety of both imaging methods and tests of cognitive ability. Here we test this theory in a new sample of young healthy adults (N = 100) using a psychometric battery tapping fluid, crystallized, and spatial intelligence factors. High resolution structural MRI scans (3T) were obtained and analyzed with Voxel-based Morphometry (VBM). The main findings are consistent with the P-FIT, supporting the view that general intelligence (g) involves multiple cortical areas throughout the brain. Key regions include the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Broca's and Wernicke's areas, the somato-sensory association cortex, and the visual association cortex. Further, estimates of crystallized and spatial intelligence with g statistically removed, still share several brain areas with general intelligence, but also show some degree of uniqueness. |
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