Strategic influences on implementing instructions for future actions |
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Authors: | Dorit Wenke Robert Gaschler Dieter Nattkemper Peter A Frensch |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;(2) Department of Psychology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany |
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Abstract: | Temporal and strategic factors that might influence the transformation of verbal task rules into functional stimulus–response
associations were investigated in three experiments. In a dual task paradigm of the ABBA type participants were presented
new S–R instructions for the A-task at the beginning of each trial. On varying proportions of trials No-go signals rendered
the instructed A-task mappings irrelevant before instruction implementation was assessed during performance of an unrelated
B-task. Our results indicate that participants refrain from implementing the mappings during instruction presentation when
No-go signals appear frequently and late (Exp. 2), and that they can interrupt implementing instructed S–R mappings when frequent
No-go signals appear early enough during implementation (Exp. 3). When No-go signals are rare and late, however (Exp. 1),
the instructed stimulus features always activate their associated responses during performance of the embedded B-task in an
automatic manner. Together, these findings suggest that participants strategically control whether or not they implement verbal
instructions. Once implemented, however, instructed S–R associations influence behaviour even when the instructed mappings
are no longer task relevant.
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