Attention to negative words predicts daily rumination among people with clinical depression: evidence from an eye tracking and daily diary study |
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| Authors: | Paweł Holas Izabela Krejtz Marzena Rusanowska Natalia Rohnka John B. Nezlek |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland;2. Psychology Department, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland;3. Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;4. Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland;5. Department of Psychology, College of William &6. Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The present study examined relationships between attention to negative words and daily rumination and daily adjustment in a sample of clinically depressed individuals. We recorded eye movements of 43 individuals diagnosed with major depression while they were freely viewing dysphoric, threat-related, neutral, and positive words. Then, each day for one week, participants provided measures of their daily rumination and psychological adjustment. Multilevel analyses found that attention to dysphoric and threat-related words was positively related to daily rumination and attention to threat-related words was negatively related to daily adjustment. These findings suggest that the impaired ability to disengage from negative words is positively related to rumination in daily life and is negatively related to well-being, as defined in terms of Beck’s Triad. |
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| Keywords: | Rumination attentional bias eye movements diary study |
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