Complexity matching in side-by-side walking

Interpersonal coordination represents a very common phenomenon in daily-life activities. Three theoretical frameworks have been proposed to account for synchronization processes in such situations: the information processing approach, the coordination dynamics perspective, and the complexity matching effect. On the basis of a theoretical analysis of these frameworks, we propose three statistical tests that could allow to distinguish between these theoretical hypotheses: the first one is based on multifractal analyses, the second and the third ones on cross-correlation analyses. We applied these tests on series collected in an experiment where participants were instructed to walk in synchrony. We contrasted three conditions: independent walking, side-by-side walking, and arm-in-arm walking. The results are consistent with the complexity matching hypothesis.