学前儿童心理理论及欺骗发展的关系研究

本文采用两种标准心理理论任务和两种欺骗任务,以3~6岁儿童为被试,探讨了学前儿童心理理论与欺骗发展的关系,得出如下结论:(1)在不同的误信念任务中,学前儿童的表现不一致;但仍存在一般发展趋势:3岁儿童不能通过误信念任务,4、5岁是儿童误信念发展的关键时期.(2)3岁儿童不能拥有隐藏意图的欺骗能力,4岁儿童拥有隐藏意图的欺骗能力.(3)3岁儿童能说谎,但假装无知的欺骗直到6岁才出现.(4)误信念理解与隐藏意图的欺骗存在相关,但与说谎和假装无知不存在相关.

Studies on the Relation between the Development of Theory of Mind and Deception of the Preschoolers

This study adapted two standard task of theory of mind and two tasks of deception and chose 3-6-years-old preschoolers as subjects,discussed the relation between preschooler's theory of mind and deception.The results followed as below:(1) The performance of preschoolers are disaccord in the different false-belief tasks,but there is the general developmental trend:3-year-olds can not own the ability of theory of mind,the important developmental period of theory of mind is age 4~51(2) 3-year-olds cannot hold deception of concealing intention,but 4-year-olds can.(3) 3-year-olds can deny having looking the toy,but it is not until age 6 that children could begin to own the competence of the feigning ignorance.(4) There is the significant correlation between theory of mind and concealing intention,but there is not the significant correlation between theory of mind and denial of looking or feigning ignorance.