The chicken and egg problem of grid cells and place cells |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;2. Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel;1. Institute of Psychology, Department of Health Medical and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands;2. Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands;3. Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark;1. Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;1. Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel;1. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;3. Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;1. Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK |
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| Abstract: | Place cells and grid cells are major building blocks of the hippocampal cognitive map. The prominent forward model postulates that grid-cell modules are generated by a continuous attractor network; that a velocity signal evoked during locomotion moves entorhinal activity bumps; and that place-cell activity constitutes summation of entorhinal grid-cell modules. Experimental data support the first postulate, but not the latter two. Several families of solutions that depart from these postulates have been put forward. We suggest a modified model (spatial modulation continuous attractor network; SCAN), whereby place cells are generated from spatially selective nongrid cells. Locomotion causes these cells to move the hippocampal activity bump, leading to movement of the entorhinal manifolds. Such inversion accords with the shift of hippocampal thought from navigation to more abstract functions. |
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