Knowledge Based Solution Strategies in Medical Reasoning |
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| Authors: | Vimla L. Patel Guy J. Groen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain;2. Biodiversity Research Institute CIBIO, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain;1. Department of Life Sciences, College of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK;2. College of Health and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK;3. Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cancer Research UK Birmingham Cancer Centre, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK;1. Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana;2. Department of Economics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana |
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| Abstract: | The techniques of propositionol analysis are used to examine the protocols of seven cardiologists in a task involving the diagnosis of a case of acute bacterial endocarditis and an explanation of its underlying pathophysiology. It is shown that the explanations of physicians making an accurate diagnosis can be accounted for in terms of a model consisting of pure forward reasoning through a network of causal rules, actuated by relevant propositions embedded in the stimulus text. These rules appear to derive from the physician's underlying knowledge base rather than any information in the text itself. In contrast, subjects with inacurate diagnoses tend to make use of a mixture of forward and backward reasoning, beginning with a high level hypothesis and proceeding in a top-down fashion to the propositions embedded in stimulus text, or to the generation of irrelevant rules. |
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