Impaired strategic regulation of contents of conscious awareness in schizophrenia |
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| Authors: | Sonntag Philippe Gokalsing Erick Olivier Carinne Robert Philippe Burglen Franck Kauffmann-Muller Françoise Huron Caroline Salame Pierre Danion Jean-Marie |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada;3. Strategic Clinical Network for Addictions and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada;4. Department of Radiology and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada;5. Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada;1. Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychiatry, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg, Cape Town ZA 7505, South Africa;2. Departments of Developmental and Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;3. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town ZA 8001, South Africa;1. Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;2. Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, USA;3. Zeppelin University, Friedrichshafen, Germany;4. Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Conscious awareness comprises two distinct states, autonoetic and noetic awareness. Schizophrenia impairs autonoetic, but not noetic, awareness. We investigated the strategic regulation of relevant and irrelevant contents of conscious awareness in schizophrenia using a directed forgetting paradigm. Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia and 21 normal controls were presented with words and told to learn some of them and forget others. In a subsequent test, they were asked to recognize all the words they had seen previously and give remember, know or guess responses according to whether they recognized words on the basis of autonoetic awareness, noetic awareness, or guessing. Overall, patients showed the same degree of a directed forgetting effect as normal subjects. However, whereas the effect was observed both for remember and know responses in normal subjects, it was observed for know, but not for remember, responses in patients. These results indicate that patients with schizophrenia exhibit an impaired strategic regulation of contents of autonetic awareness for relevant and irrelevant information. |
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