Encoding variability and organization in free recall |
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Authors: | Harriet Salatas Waters Rebecca McAlaster |
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Affiliation: | State University of New York at Stony Brook USA;University of Maryland at Eastern Shore USA |
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Abstract: | Measures of category clustering and subjective organization are well-established predictors of performance in free recall tasks. The present studies demonstrate that a measure of encoding variability affords equally powerful and independent prediction of free recall performance. They also illustrate an interaction between encoding processes and organizational activity. In Experiments 1 and 2, the independent contributions of organization and encoding variability are demonstrated in categorizable and uncategorizable lists and in subjects whose recall is expected to increase (adults) or decrease (children) as a function of more varied encodings across trials. In Experiment 3, a category labeling procedure is used to demonstrate that the negative relationship between encoding variability and recall can be reversed by inducing adult-like organizational activity in children. |
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Keywords: | Requests for reprints should be sent to Dr. Harriet Salatas Waters Department of Psychology State University of New York Stony Brook NY 11794. |
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