大学生感恩内隐效应的实验研究

研究探讨内隐联想测验(Implicit Association Test,IAT)和Go/No-go联想任务测验(Go/No-go Association Task, GNAT)测量大学生感恩的可行性,并分析内隐感恩与外显感恩的关系。预备性研究从现代汉语字典中挑选自我词/他人词各16个,从汉语成语大辞典中挑选出与感恩相关的积极词/消极词各20个,根据65位大学生的评定结果筛选出自我词/他人词各8个,积极词/消极词各8个,用于正式研究。正式研究采用IAT、GNAT感恩测量程序和青少年感恩量表(Adolescent Gratitude Scale,AGS),对155名大学生同时进行IAT、GNAT及外显感恩的测量。结果发现:(1)大学生普遍具有积极的内隐感恩,内隐感恩不存在性别、生源地和独生与否等人口统计学指标上的显著差异;(2)大学生的内隐感恩与外显感恩相关不显著,是两个不同的建构;(3)采用IAT和GNAT研究感恩是可行的。

An Experimental Research on Implicit and Explicit Gratitude of Undergraduates

The research explored the feasibility of measuring undergraduates' gratitude by use of Implicit Association Test(IAT), Go/No-go Association Task(GNAT) and analyzed the relationship between implicit gratitude and explicit gratitude. Preliminary research selected each 16 self/others words from the modern Chinese dictionary, and selected each 20 positive/negative words related to gratitude from Chinese idioms dictionary, according to the evaluation results of 65 undergraduates, the each 8 self/others words, and each 8 positive/negative words were screened out for the formal research. Formal research used IAT and GNAT gratitude measurement procedures and Adolescent Gratitude Scale(AGS), 155 undergraduates were simultaneously assigned to receive IAT test and explicit gratitude measurement. The results showed that:(1) Undergraduates generally had positive implicit gratitude, there were no significant differences of the undergraduates' implicit gratitude on such demographic indicators as gender, student nationalities and the only or not;(2) There was no significant correlation between implicit gratitude and explicit gratitude, they belong to two different constructions;(3) It was feasible for gratitude measurement via the IAT and GNAT.